Cardinal Marengo: mission is a mystery

by Cardinal Giorgio Marengo IMC

Rome (Agenzia Fides) - We are pleased to publish the Prolusion made today by Cardinal Giorgio Marengo, Consolata missionary and Apostolic Prefect of Ulaanbaatar, on the occasion of the opening day of the academic year at the Pontifical Urbaniana University. The speech, entitled "Missionary Church and the missionary nature of the Church: a perspective from Asia", focused on the mystery of grace and gratitude that feed every authentic missionary dynamism. Cardinal Marengo's conference was preceded by an introductory speech by Cardinal Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle, Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization (Section for First Evangelization and the New Particular Churches) and Grand Chancellor of the Urbaniana University. After the speech by Sister Lourdes Fabiola Martinez Sandate, who spoke on behalf of the university's students, Professor Vincenzo Buonomo, Pontifical Delegate and Grand Rector of the Pontifical Urbaniana University, gave an outlook on the study and research perspectives for the new academic year.

Dear Grand Chancellor,
Most Reverend Eminences and Excellencies,
Dear Pontifical Delegate and Grand Rector,
Academic Authorities,
Esteemed Professors and Dear Students,

It is with great joy that I take the floor today for the first time after having attended this university myself as a student for a long time. I feel very honored to be here at the opening of this new academic year, which will once again bring teachers, researchers, students and administrative staff to this hill every day to give their best in the service of the Church.

The mission as a sigh

On May 26 last year, Father Stephan Kim Seong-hyeon, a Korean priest from Daejeon with whom I had been doing missionary work in Mongolia, suddenly died. It was a great loss for everyone. Like me, he had also studied at this university and I remember him talking about his studies at Urbaniana University. As a priest preparing to return to his homeland to begin his ministry in the diocese, he wondered what benefit he would get from studying at this university. He received the answer from a missionary who had lived for years in Muslim-majority countries and in areas with Arab culture. When asked about the theories of the moment, this missionary had not given a theoretical answer but let out a long sigh: "Ah, the mission!" A mixture of joy and melancholy, perhaps even frustration; the missionary's eyes shone, pointing to something moving and sacred that had now completely marked his life. This sigh deeply touched Father Stephan Kim and opened his eyes to the mystery of mission as a horizon that embraces life, including that of the diocesan priest. It was this sigh that led him to interpret his entire ministry in a missionary sense. And then he received the gift of being able to go to Mongolia.

A biblical icon: the meeting at Emmaus

“Ah, the mission!” This sigh makes us reflect even today. Let us look, for example, at the episode in which the sad disciples leave Jerusalem “on the first day of the week”. We are in chapter 24 of the Gospel of Luke. “Are you the only visitor?” (cf. Lk 24:18), as if to say: “Do you not know?” It is an outburst of disappointment and anger. “But we had hoped...” (cf. Lk 24:21). Sometimes we too are seized by a sigh of disappointment; things are not as we would have liked them to be and we walk with our eyes downcast, unable to recognize the mysterious wanderer who is with us. We need him to shake us up with his strong words: "You are foolish and slow of heart" (Lk 24:25). It quickly becomes clear that this is not a sterile rebuke, but an invitation to make a leap in quality, in depth. "Then beginning with Moses and all the prophets, he interpreted to them what referred to him in all the scriptures" (Lk 24:27). Indeed, the object of research, teaching and study is not the opinion of this or that thinker, but "everything that is written about him", on the Lord and Saviour who, by revealing the face of the Father, changed the destiny of humanity and sparked the dynamism of mission. Little by little, the disciples' hearts open to the point of an unprecedented sigh: " "Were not our hearts burning within us while he spoke to us on the way and opened the scriptures to us?" (Lk 24:32).

It is the Eucharist and the Word that convert our hearts. The academic work carried out in this prestigious university should always be accompanied by worship and the meditated study in a spirit of prayer, and not parallel to the spiritual life, almost as if they were threads held together with difficulty. This is where the proclamation comes from, not from anything else: "Then the two recounted what had taken place on the way and how he was made known to them in the breaking of the bread" (Lk 24:35). Until Jesus himself, "while they were still speaking about this" (Lk 24:36), came among them and announced to them the fullness that awaits the whole of history: "Peace be with you" (Lk 24:36). The mission aims precisely to make this encounter possible in a concrete way; indeed, where the disciples gather to bear witness to Christ, he enters into their midst in a new, unprecedented way, drawing everyone into his love. It is He, the Risen One, who reveals to us the profound meaning of Sacred Scripture and expressly sends us out into the world: "You are witnesses of these things" (Lk 24:48). And we can only be so in the power of his Spirit: "And behold I am sending the promise of my Father upon you" (Lk 24:49).

A vocation that is still valid: the Mission "ad gentes"

If this dynamism aimed at proclaiming the overwhelming newness of the Gospel applies to every baptized person as a missionary disciple - as the Holy Father often reminds us - we must remember that there is also a specific dimension of missionary activity that we call first evangelization or mission "ad gentes". This refers to the gift of grace to proclaim the Gospel in contexts where it is not yet known and where there are simply no others who can bear witness to it. It is true that every action of the Church is permeated by mission because it represents its goal and its horizon; but it is one thing to put it into practice in situations where the possibility of an explicit encounter with Christ is offered in a variety of forms, made possible by communities of faith already formed and endowed with a variety of charisms and ministries; it is something else - or at least something special - to dedicate oneself to the witness of the Gospel where there are no other ecclesial subjects, because the community is not yet constituted and structured. It is undoubtedly true that the mobility of people today creates situations in which other people are very close and one no longer has to cross the seas to meet them. In many parts of the world there is already a local part of the Church and it is the task of the particular Church in that territory to face the challenges posed by increasingly multicultural and interreligious societies. In the regions more marked by phenomena such as secularization and the decline of priestly vocations, we will probably have to act differently than in the past, but the fact remains that the Church is already present in these areas. We often overlook the fact that instead there are entire regions of our planet where the Church is not yet established or is in the initial phase of its local rooting.

In Mongolia, for example, the visible Church has only existed for 32 years and is made up of a small flock of about 1,500 local believers accompanied by a group of missionaries, only one of whom is a local priest. The complete translation of the Bible into the local language is still in progress; some liturgical texts still need to be approved by the Vatican. In Catholic communities, a path of initiation into the faith is offered that lasts about two years and requires a lot of commitment from the catechists and catechumens, since they are choosing a faith that is in some way at odds with the society in which they live, which traditionally has other points of reference. Everything is new and has a revolutionary impact that requires depth, firmness in doctrine and quality of witness.

Living and working in such situations is what is commonly called mission “ad gentes”, which continues to have its own specific value because it is a specific vocation. Most of these situations, where the proclamation of the Gospel and the life connected to it are still in their infancy, are in Asia, a continent where about 61% of the world's population live, but less than 13.1% of them identify with Christianity. A series of historical failures? Procedural errors? It is difficult to say. Especially since the criterion cannot be success or failure as the world understands it. The reference point remains the words of Jesus on the Kingdom of God and its appearance in the world, characterized by an obvious disproportion: little in much, leaven in the mass, fertile marginality. In any case, it is important to remember that this specific type of missionary service exists, even within a fully missionary Church.

A specific formation

The mission “ad gentes” therefore requires a specific formation. 397 years ago, shortly after the foundation of the Congregation “De Propaganda Fide”, the “Collegio Urbano” was founded, the first nucleus of this prestigious academic institution. Can one “learn” the mission? Yes, just as the disciples of Emmaus had to listen to the Risen One who “explained to them what is written about him in the Scriptures”. It is above all a matter of continually exploring the mystery of Christ and the Church, his Bride, from every possible angle. The mission needs philosophy, but also the social sciences, linguistics, canon law and, above all, theology. Zeal alone may not be enough. Blessed Giuseppe Allamano, founder of the Consolata Missionaries, who will be canonized in St. Peter's Square in a few days, used to say: "Holiness alone is not enough for a missionary, science is also needed, depending on our goal. Piety can form a good hermit, but only science combined with piety can form a good missionary." And he continued: "The need for science also derives from tradition. Popes, Councils, and Fathers of the Church have always and everywhere declared the need for science for priests. On this point, the Church has always insisted, with explicit instructions to the superiors of seminaries, not to admit to ordination those who do not have the necessary knowledge. This explains why in some religious orders only the most learned are sent on missions." And he concluded: "Believe me: you will do much or little good, or even evil, depending on whether you have studied or not. A missionary without knowledge is a lamp that has gone out”.

We study not only because “it is our duty”, because we have been sent by our superiors, or even to nurture career ambitions: in the Church there is no career; it would be mean indeed if such a unique academic institution were considered a breeding ground for mere “employees” of diocesan structures that do not stand out for zeal and scholarship specifically oriented towards mission. We study out of love for Christ, the Church and the people to whom we are sent as missionaries. It is precisely this particular kind of mission that requires adequate preparation. It is a matter of respect for the mystery of the Incarnation of the Word, which resonates in the Church sent by Him, not as a megaphone of an ideological message, but as the mystical Body and People of God, at home in all cultures and fertilizing them with the Gospel. It is a matter of taking the encounter between the Gospel and cultures seriously.

Rufina Chamyngerel, also a former student of this university and now head of the Pastoral Office of the Apostolic Prefecture of Ulaanbaatar, said it in a disarming way. On the occasion of the prayer vigil in St. Peter's for the Extraordinary Missionary Month 2019 proclaimed by Pope Francis, she recalled that when the Church decided in 1992 to resume its mission in Mongolia - interrupted by 70 years of strict pro-Soviet rule - it did not send packages of books, but physical people who would fit in and give a living, physical witness to the Gospel. Yes, the encounter with Christ can take place in the most diverse ways, mostly unknown to us; but it usually requires human mediation, concrete people who embody the words of Jesus and invite us to the banquet of the Kingdom of God. Saint Paul VI reminded us of this in his Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi, and it is worth quoting his words again today: "People can be saved by the mercy of God in other ways, even if we do not preach the Gospel to them; but how can we save ourselves if we fail to preach it out of negligence, fear, shame - what Saint Paul calls 'ashamed of the Gospel' - or because of false ideas?" This school of discipleship and mission opens up ever new paths of learning, because by tiptoeing into homes in every latitude, we discover fascinating worlds to love and to get to know in depth.

Thanks to passionate study, serious scientific research and investigation, even four centuries after the founding of our University, we are able to express the infinite depths of Christ's message and to decipher cultural languages that allow us to reach the hearts of peoples and peoples.
How many sighs have been uttered here! Distance from home and a language that one does not yet master can make one sigh; but even a trace of research that seems to get lost among the pages read in the library or historical truths that are difficult to accept can become sighs. But everything becomes a desire, because in the awareness of lack, one opens oneself more to God and to one's neighbour.

From sighing to whispering

Finally, the sigh becomes a whisper. Finally, allow me to repeat the expression of Archbishop Thomas Menamparampil, which I do not want to withhold from you, to briefly describe the mission: whispering the Gospel into the heart of cultures. The mission is a mystery that makes us sigh with true love above all for Him, the Risen One, who unites us to Himself in order to make Himself present to others. Christ and his Gospel are the heart and the only content of the missionary impulse that animates the Church, today as it has always been. "Woe to me if I do not preach the Gospel," Saint Paul reminds us (1 Cor 9:16). The world needs this good news and has a right to receive it. In a time of general distrust of grand narratives, of post-colonial historical revisionism, of fear of any thought that is not weak (because it is seen as potentially offensive and threatening), the Church continues to proclaim the Gospel, faithful to the mandate she received from her Lord, which is written in large letters on the outside of the main building of this university: Euntes docete. More than just a message, it is a word of salvation and fullness, embodied in life and addressed to the heart, that is, to the deepest fibers of man and of the culture in which he lives and understands himself. It is the evangelization of the heart that requires a commitment to deciphering, studying and deepening the wonderful interweaving of culture, religious tradition, language, literature, art, music, but also territories, symbols and trends. When one finds oneself in this relationship of deep knowledge, appreciation and friendship, one will spontaneously pass on, whispering delicately and discreetly what is most dear to one's heart.

Whispering also speaks of a prayerful attitude, a contemplative dimension, as in the very ancient religious traditions that arose in Asia, where the register of the meditated, repeated word, recited in chorus predominates. And of silence. Pope Francis recalled this last year in Mongolia, addressing the small local Church: "Yes, He is the good news intended for all peoples, the proclamation that the Church must always bring, making it concrete in life and 'whispering' it in the hearts of individuals and cultures." The language of God is often a slow whisper that takes its time; this is how he speaks. This experience of the love of God in Christ is pure light that transfigures the face and in turn makes it shine. Brothers and sisters, the Christian life is born from the contemplation of this face, it is a matter of love, of the daily encounter with the Lord in the word and in the bread of life, in the face of the other and in the needy in whom Jesus is present". May this new academic year at the Urbaniana University bring us all closer to this face and make us ever more radiant and shining, reflecting it around us. (Agenzia Fides, 15/10/2024)

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